Sunni Credal Positions on Pardoning Disbelief

بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

Imam Abu Manswur Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Maturidi (r.a.) said that it is rationally impermissible for disbelief to be pardoned.  Imam Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali ibn Isma’il al-Ash’ari (r.a.) said that it is rationally permissible, but textually impermissible.  Imam al-Ash’ari’s (r.a.) view was based upon a rational judgement alone, whereas Imam al-Maturidi’s (r.a.) view was based on his understanding of Allah’s (s.w.t.) Will.  Disbelief, here, refers to wilful rebellion against the Divine, in the presence of clear proof.  An example would be when Abu Lahab ‘Abd al-‘Uzza ibn ʿAbd al-Muththalib disregarded the various signs, and prophetic miracles, and persisted in his opposition to the prophetic mission.



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